Common Commands for Linux System (Ubuntu)
These days, I use Ubuntu a lot. Three Raspberry Pi 3 have installed Ubuntu Mate, and one Linux computer in the lab runs on Ubuntu 18.04. I need to use the basic commands often, but I cannot remember them very well.
In stead of finding these basic commands on Google all the time, I plan to organize and write them down, and to make the checking much easier for myself. I believe that there are some other people like me have the same problem. If you are one of us, feel free to borrow it. Refer to this article if you are nice, that I believe you are.
This list will start from the basic common operation (i.e. copy, cut, paste, delete, …, create file/directory) to other useful operations like become the specific user.
File Commands
ls - directory listing
ls -al - formatted listing with hidden files
cd dir - change directory to dir
cd .. - change to one upper-level directory
cd - change to home
pwd - show present working directory
mkdir dir - create a directory dir
rm file - delete file
rm -r dir - delete directory dir
rm -f file - force remove file
rm -rf dir - force remove directory dir
cp old_file new_file - copy old_file to new_file
cp -r old_file new_file - copy old_file to new_file; create new_dir if it doesn’t exist
mv old_file new_file - rename or move old_file to new_file; if new_file is an existing directory, moves old_file into directory new_file
System Info
date - show the current date and time
cal - show this month’s calendar
uptime - show current uptime
w - display who is online
whoami - who you are logged in as
su - username_1 - switch to the username_1 account, be placed into the home directory for username_1
